Kaptein Carl Anton Larsen

A 1930 cast bronze bust by artist Trygve Thorsen of Carl Anton Larsen, Norwegian whaling magnate, with separate inscribed memorial plaque dated August 2000.

Cotton case

A cotton case, perhaps a book jacket or album cover, made by Dorothy Irving Bell to commemorate the members of the Polar Party of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Tea caddy

A tea caddy commemorating the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). Colour-printed with Scott in sledging gear, busts of Wilson, Bowers, Oates and Evans, and a description of the fate of the Polar Party.

Matchbox

An empty cardboard matchbox inside an enamelled metal matchbox holder with a design of three penguins.

Beer bottle

An empty bottle of 'Captain Oates' dark aromatic oat mild ale with a picture of L.E.G. Oates, brewed by the Brown Cow Brewery in Selby, North Yorkshire.

Beer bottle

An empty bottle of 'Arctica' pale ale with a picture of Tom Crean on the front, brewed and bottled for the Endurance Brewing Company by the Mercury Brewing and Distribution Company, Inc. of Ipswich, Massachusetts.

Jug

A white porcelain jug with a picture of the statue at Christchurch of Captain Scott by Kathleen Scott. Made by Victoria of Czechoslovakia in the 1950s.

Beer bottle

An empty bottle of 'Spirit of Scott 1912-2012' beer, brewed and bottled by Dartmoor Brewery, to commemorate the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Biscuit

An empty cardboard packet of 'Captain Scotts Expedition Biscuits' made by Huntley & Palmers in 2013. Huntley & Palmers baked the biscuits that were taken on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova), and recreated these biscuits to the same recipe in 2013 (with the exception of the substition of vegetable oil for lard).

Plaque

A metal wall plaque, marked 'Armade de Chile', on a wooden mount (a) in a dark blue cardboard box (b). The plaque was given to SPRI by the Director General of the Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine of Chile in 2014.

Whimsies

A set of eight polar whimsies, consisting of three polar bears (M: 2014/1-3), two huskies (M: 2014/4-5), a penguin (M: 2014/6), a walrus (M: 2014/7) and a seal (M: 2014/8).

Dog harness

A lampwick dog harness with orange ribbons. Used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Dog harness

A flax rope dog harness used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). Rope harnesses were extensively used for short journeys around the base and for training puppies, but were not advisable for long journeys as they were liable to chafe.

Dog driving equipment

A short length of rope (probably flax), probably made by William Barbour & Sons Ltd. of Lisburn, Northern Ireland. It is a sample of the rope used for traces in dog driving on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The expedition members found it to be 'most satisfactory' as the dogs disliked the dressing on it and did not chew the rope.

A man-hauling harness used by Frank Debenham on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Duffle inner

A medium duffle inner with light blue stitching, to be worn in combination with socks. Supplied by the Hudson's Bay Company. The inner is labelled 'G.C.L. Bertram', and was worn by him during the journey down King George VI Sound on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Duffle inner

A pair of short duffle inners with light blue stitching, to be worn in combination with socks. Supplied by the Hudson's Bay Company. The inners are labelled 'G.C.L. Bertram', and were worn by him on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Dog harness

A Siberian-type textile dog harness with a metal swivel and wooden toggles. Used during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Dog harness

A dog harness made of soft Willesden canvas, with a metal swivel and wooden toggles. Used during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Harness

A brown textile man-hauling harness. This type of harness was the first type devised by Scott, and was used on the first sledge journeys of the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). The wide body belt was found to be a great improvement on the shoulder loop or rope waistband of earlier expeditions.

A metal attachment for a sledge runner (a) to prevent side-slipping whilst traversing slopes, in a white cotton bag (b). Four of these would be bolted on to the sledge runners about 3 feet from each end. They were tried out during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola) and were found to be useful under certain conditions but these conditions proved so rare that they were not regarded as a normal item of sledging equipment.

Everest carrier

An 'Everest carrier' (frame for a backpack), made by Bergans of Oslo, Norway and used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Snowshoe

A pair of teardrop snowshoes with wooden frames and plywood panels and rawhide webbing, supplied by Camp & Sports Co-operators. They are both marked 'E.W.B.' and were used by E.W. Bingham on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Ice axe

A long-handled ice axe used by Lieutenant Charles Royds on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Pony snowshoe

A pony snowshoe, made of bamboo and leather, used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). One of two (N: 24a-b). Success or failure of the snowshoes was largely dependent on the temperament of the pony.

Pony snowshoe

A pony snowshoe, made of bamboo and leather, used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). One of two (N: 24a-b). Success or failure of the snowshoes was largely dependent on the temperament of the pony.

Snowshoe

A small oval snowshoe with a wooden frame and string webbing of Swiss design. Used by Lieutenant Charles Royds on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Snowshoe

A small oval snowshoe with a wooden frame and string webbing of Swiss design (one of a pair, see N: 25b). Used by Lieutenant Charles Royds on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Dog whip

A 13-foot plaited leather dog whip with a wooden handle. Used by Frank Debenham during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova expedition).

Cooking pot

An aluminium cooking pot (a) and lid (b) made by N.C.J. Ltd. of Stratford on Avon. Used by the sledging parties on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Cooking pot

An aluminium cooking pot (a) and lid (b) used by the sledging parties on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Ration box

A sledge ration box, number 7. Part of the equipment for a fully laden sledge as used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Boot

A brown leather Mark VII polar climbing boot for the left foot. Supplied by Robert Lawrie Ltd. of London to the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Egg

An Adelie penguin (pygoscelis adeliae) egg. One of two housed together in a cardboard box (originally addressed to Theodore Hamblin Ltd. and with stamps dating from 1940). The egg may have been collected in 1912 (semi-legible labels on the eggs may give this date).

Egg

An Adelie penguin (pygoscelis adeliae) egg. One of two housed together in a cardboard box (originally addressed to Theodore Hamblin Ltd. and with stamps dating from 1940). The egg may have been collected in 1912 (semi-legible labels on the eggs may give this date).

Toe strap

A leather toe strap attached to a piece of wood to simulate a ski. As used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Baleen

A piece of baleen from a southern right whale. Collected by Brian Roberts in South Georgia in 1936.

Boot

A dark brown leather sea boot for the left foot, made in northern Norway. Used by J.H. Martin on the expedition ship Penola throughout British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Mitten

A single dark brown leather outer mitten for the left hand, and designed to be worn over a woollen inner mitten. Made in Tromso, Norway and used by J.H. Martin during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Boot

A komag-style pull-on dark brown leather boot, possibly for the right foot of the type used by fishermen, sealers and lumbermen in the northern parts of Scandinavia.

Goggles

A pair of snow goggles (a) with three round lenses (b-d), used for experimenting with different coloured glass. From the British Antarctic Expedition 1907-09 (Nimrod).

Boot

A red-brown leather boot, treated with whale oil to prevent the leather freezing. Made by Robert Lawrie Ltd. of London. This type of boot was supplied to the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Whale line

A whale line from South Georgia, 1936. This line would be attached to a harpoon, with forty to fifty fathoms coiled on a table in front of and under the harpoon gun.

Whale line

A whale line from South Georgia, 1936. This line would be attached to the end of a finer qualtiy line which in turn is attached to a harpoon, with the line coiled in bins below deck.

Dart

The wooden shaft of a dart or whale mark used by 'Discovery' Committee to investigate migration of whales in Southern Ocean.

Dart

A three-pronged metal dart or whale mark used by the 'Discovery' Committee to investigate the migration of whales in Southern Ocean.

Dart

A stainless steel dart or whale mark used by the 'Discovery' Committee to investigate the migration of whales in Southern Ocean.

Dart

A three-pronged metal dart or whale mark used by the 'Discovery' Committee to investigate the migration of whales in Southern Ocean.

A whale harpoon with grenade to be fired from a gun/cannon, from South Georgia dating from 1936.

Sledge, model

A model of a sledge for sounding and trawling through ice as used by the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). It was made by Edward Nelson, the expedition's biologist.

Goggles

A pair of wooden Inuit-style snow goggles with cross-shaped slits, marked 'R.F.S'. Used by Robert Falcon Scott on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Goggles

A pair of wire gauze snow goggles belonging to Edward Adrian Wilson and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Goggles

A pair of wire gauze snow goggles belonging to Edward Adrian Wilson and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Goggles case

A metal tin for wire gauze snow goggles worn by Edward Adrian Wilson on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Goggles

A pair of wire gauze snow goggles adapted with leather eye pieces, damaged and in four parts. Used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Goggles

A pair of modified wire gauze snow goggles with dark orange lenses. Used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1907-09 (Nimrod), led by Ernest Shackleton. One of two pairs (N: 69a-b).

Goggles

A pair of modified wire gauze snow goggles with dark lenses, found to be unsatisfactory due to a lack of ventilation. Used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1907-09 (Nimrod), led by Ernest Shackleton. One of two pairs (N: 69a-b).

Goggles

A pair of Hamblin's 'Full-Field' snow goggles with yellow-orange 'salvoc' lenses (a) in a metal case (b). Made by Theodore Hamblin Ltd. of London, and used throughout the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The lenses of this pair have been ground to a special curvature to avoid the use of two pairs. This type of goggle was devised by Theodore Hamblin for the 1933 Mount Everest expedition, and was also supplied to the 1936 and 1938 Everest expeditions.

Sledge

A sledge used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1898-1900 (Southern Cross) led by C.E. Borchgrevink.

Goggles

A pair of wooden Inuit-style snow goggles with cross-shaped slits. Used during the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). While the design was found to be satisfactory in that there was no glass to cloud over, the restricted field of vision meant that they were deemed unsuitable for use on rough ice or uneven ground.

Goggles

A pair of snow goggles with green glass lenses. Used by Frank Debenham during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Goggles

A pair of modified Inuit-type wooden snow goggles. Used by Captain R.F. Scott during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Kameo

A kameo used for softening seal-skin boots. Copied from Inuit pattern and used during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Boot

A pull-on canvas boot for the right foot with leather reinforcement. One of two boots (N: 88a-b) of different sorts designed by Ernest Shackleton and used during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1914-16 (Endurance).

Boot

A dark brown leather boot for the left foot. One of two boots (N: 88a-b) of different sorts designed by Ernest Shackleton and used during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1914-16 (Endurance).

Ascorbic acid tablets

A cardboard packet wrapped in cellophane containing 20 'redoxon' ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) tablets, manufactured by Roche Products Ltd. of Welwyn Garden City. The manufacture of redoxon started in 1934, and it was first used in the polar regions in 1935, making it no longer necessary to take concentrated fruit juice to prevent scurvy.

Ascorbic acid tablets

A square brown cardboard box, inside which is a cardboard packet wrapped in cellophane containing 20 'redoxon' ascorbic acid tablets, manufactured by Roche Products Ltd. of Welwyn Garden City. The manufacture of redoxon started in 1934, and it was first used in the polar regions in 1935, making it no longer necessary to take concetrated fruit juice to prevent scurvy.

Mitten

A pair of leather mittens for general use. Made in Tromso, Norway, and used during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Harness

A brown textile man-hauling harness. This type of harness was the first type devised by Scott, and was used on the first sledge journeys of the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). The wide body belt was found to be a great improvement on the shoulder loop or rope waistband of earlier expeditions.

Crampon

A pair of crampons, metal and leather, each with five metal spikes. This was the first type of crampon made in England for the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). The design was found to be unsuitable as it allowed snow to get between the footwear and the crampon.

Crampon

A single crampon, metal and leather, with five metal spikes. This was the first type of crampon made in England for the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). The design was found to be unsuitable as it allowed snow to get between the footwear and the crampon. The initials 'TW' have been scratched into the side of this crampon.

Crampon

A pair of crampons, metal and leather, each with five metal spikes. This was the first type of crampon made in England for the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). The design was found to be unsuitable as it allowed snow to get between the footwear and the crampon.

Crampon

A pair crampon-shoes used during the Shackleton-Rowett Antarctic Expedition 1921-22 (Quest).

Sole

A specially-strengthened canvas sole with metal spikes, for wearing over finnesko when travelling over rough or slippery ice. Designed by members of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova) and made by Edgar Evans and William Lashly.

Sole

A specially-strengthened canvas sole with metal spikes, for wearing over finnesko when travelling over rough or slippery ice. Designed by members of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova) and made by Edgar Evans and William Lashly.

Sole

A specially-strengthened canvas sole with metal spikes, for wearing over finnesko when travelling over rough or slippery ice. Designed by members of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova) and made by Edgar Evans and William Lashly.

Biscuit

A sledging biscuit in a metal tin with a glass front. The biscuit was made to a special formula of Huntley and Palmers Ltd. and Edward Wilson for use during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Lantern

A lantern made by Lieutenant Charles Royds on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). It was possibly used by Royds for reading the meteorological instruments in high winds.

Sledge wheel

A sledge wheel of the type used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova) and taken to the Antarctic by Douglas Mawson during the British Australian and New Zealand Research Expedition 1929-31.

Theodolite

Theodolite used during British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Expedition (BANZARE), 1930-31. Made by Carl Zeiss of Jena, and marked 'No. 16166'. A surveying instrument with a rotating telescope for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. The horizontal circle and vertical semi-circle are both divided into degrees (360 in a full circle) with scales for division into minutes (60 in a degree).

Theodolite

A wooden box (b) for a theodolite (N: 115a) and used during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition 1930-31. Inside the box are various attachments and tools for the theodolite: brush (c), spanner (d), compass (e), plum bob (f), light bulb (g), cable (h), and pin (i). The theodolite was made by Carl Zeiss of Jena and is marked 'Nr 16166'.

Theodolite

A plum bob, part of equipment for a theodolite (N: 115) used during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition 1930-31. The theodolite was made by Carl Zeiss of Jena, and is marked 'No. 16166'.

Strap

A green canvas strap with a wooden toggle for fastening articles onto a sledge in low temperatures. It was used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Mitten

A pair of moose hide mittes made by G.C.L. Bertram from a pair of moccasins during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Mitten

A pair of wolf-skin mittens (fur-side out), labelled 'B.B. Roberts', each with a leather liner inside. Made in Norway and used during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The mittens were found to be warm when worn with duffle or woollen inners but the skin was not very strong and alternate wetting and drying caused shrinkage.

Mitten

A sealskin mitten (fur-side out) for the right hand, made by G.C.L. Bertram from the skin of a young hooded seal (crystophora cristata) during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The mitten was found to be tough, warm and quick drying and considered the best type for general expedition work.

Mitten

A sealskin mitten (fur-side out) for the left hand, made by G.C.L. Bertram from the skin of a young hooded seal (crystophora cristata) during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The mitten was found to be tough, warm and quick drying and considered the best type for general expedition work.

Mitten

A duffle inner mitten with pink stitching, used with a pair of sealskin mittens made by G.C.L. Bertram during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Snowshoe

A pair of teardrop style snowshoes with wooden frames and sinew webbing. Used by Lieutenant Charles Royds on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). One of the snowshoes is faintly marked 'Royds'.

Lantern

A folding lantern with mica panels, used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). With a leather case (N: 133b).

Lantern case

A leather case for a folding lantern (N: 133a) used on the British National Antarcitc Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Candlestick

A home-made candlestick belonging to Lt. C.W.R.Royds and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Ski

One of a pair of skis (N: 135a-b) used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Ski

One of a pair of skis (N: 135a-b) used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Ski pole

A bamboo ski pole used during the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Dipper

A metal dipper from one of the water barricoes of the James Caird in which Ernest Shackleton voyaged from Elephant Island to South Georgia in 1916 during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1914-16 (Endurance).

Flag

A pennant from the Terra Nova, used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Flag

A Union Jack flag, rolled on bamboo, flown at Hut Point as a signal to Cape Evans during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Sun compass

A sun compass made by E.A. Wilson and used on the southern sledge journey of the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Bas-relief

A painted plaster bas-relief of Sir James Clark Ross in a wooden frame.

Helmet

A beige windproof cloth helmet used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Trousers

A pair of beige windproof trousers, made by Mandleberg and used on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Bird ring

Seven home-made duralumin bird rings (a-g) used for marking shags and penguins during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). They are marked 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28 and 29.

A clear glass water sample bottle commonly used by British polar expeditions in 1939.

A pair of Canadian leather 'shoe packs' (boots) used by C.S. Wright, physicist on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). Wright was Canadian.

Boot

A dark brown moccasin-style leather boot for the right foot. Made by G.H. Bass & Co. of Wilton, Maine, USA for the United States Antarctic Service Expedition 1928-30 and the United States Antarctic Service Expedition 1933-35. This style of boot was intended for wear around camp and for short trips, and was made large enough to accomade extra socks and sennegrass.

Sledging flag

A sledging flag used by Lieutenant Charles Royds during the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery).

Sledging flag

A sledging flag used by Lieut. Henry Bowers on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). Bowers made this flag himself, as the official one made for him missed the ship.

Sledging flag

A sledging flag used by Dr Edward Adrian Wilson on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). It was made by Wilson's wife, Oriana.

Sledging flag

A sledging flag used by Dr Edward Adrian Wilson on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova). It was made by Wilson's wife, Oriana.

Geological specimen

A glass jar containing mirabilite, or natural Glauber's salts, from Cape Royds, Ross Island, Antarctica. The mirabilite was found resting on pure ice at a height of 150ft above sea level.

Geological specimen

A glass jar containing mirabilite, or natural Glauber's salts, from floating moraines 2 miles south of Blue Glacier, Scott Coast, Victoria Land, Antarctica.

Wallet

A beige canvas wallet for journals from the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Wallet

A beige canvas wallet for journals with a textile pouch stitched to the back, from the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Geological specimen

A striated pebble from the Beardmore Glacier, collected during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A side plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A soup plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A soup plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A soup plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A soup plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Plate

A dinner plate made for and used on the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-04 (Discovery). Made by Doulton and Co. of Burslem, Stoke on Trent.

Mitten

A pair of fawn-coloured knitted woollen mittens for use as inners for leather gloves (N: 98 or N: 101). Made by Jaeger Co. Labelled 'B.B. Roberts' and worn by him during much of the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Legging

A single natural-coloured cloth legging/gaiter with stirrup, used to join the gap between windproof trousers and climbing boots or other short boots. Used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). They were found to not be very satisfactory.

Mitten

A pair of black leather mittens used during the British Australian and New Zealand Research Expedition 1929-31 (Discovery), led by Douglas Mawson.

Sledge, model

A 1:4 scale model of a soft runner sledge as used by the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). It was made by E.L. Pitman of Byfleet, Surrey, who made the sledges for the expedition.

Sledge, model

A 1:4 scale model of a hard runner sledge as used by the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). It was made by E.L. Pitman of Byfleet, Surrey, who made the sledges for the expedition.

Mitten

A cream-coloured duffle inner mitten for wearing inside a leather glove. Made and used during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Insole

A pair of insoles made of cork sandwiched between felt. Used on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Pemmican

An unopened tin of pemmican, with a colourful paper label, made by J. D. Beauvais of Copenhagen.

Duffle inner

A single short duffle inners with blue stitching, to be worn in combination with socks. Made of brown Jaeger cloth. Probably worn by J.I. Moore on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola).

Mitten

A pair of mittens, made of camel-coloured Jaeger blanket cloth with chamois leather palms and embroiedered with the initials 'JIM'. Used by J.I. Moore on the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola), and probably made during the expedition.

Pyjama upper

A thick woollen pyjama top made by Jaeger Co., size medium. Worn by J.I. Moore as underwear during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37. Moore required thicker clothes than anyone else on the expedition due to very poor circulation.

Pyjama trousers

A pair of thick woollen pyjama trousers made by Jaeger Co., size medium. Labelled 'J.I. Moore' and worn by him as underwear during the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37. Moore required thicker clothes than anyone else on the expedition due to very poor circulation.

Stocking

A pair of cream-coloured knitted woollen sea boot stockings, as recommended for the Royal Navy in 1939.

Ski cap

A black leather ski cap lined with synthetic fur. Made in Norway by Nellach, and purchased by Brian Roberts at a whaling station in Grytviken, South Georgia in 1936.

Stocking

A pair of hand-knitted green-blue flecked woollen stockings, 18" in length, for use inside sea boots. Made/supplied by Gardiner & Co. of London.

Bird recording forms

Printed forms for recording observations on birds at sea, prepared for use on British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37.

Notebook

A geological notebook, prepared for the Shackleton-Rowett Antarctic Expedition 1921-22 (Quest).

Candlestick

A candlestick made by Edward Adrian Wilson out of a Huntley & Palmer's biscuit tin during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Spoon

A spoon made by Edward Adrian Wilson during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Thermometer

A thermometer made and used by Edward Adrian Wilson on the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Yeast

A tin of dried medicinal yeast, supplied by the Distillers Co. Ltd. of Edinburgh to the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 (Penola). The expedition's daily sledging ration included 0.4 ounces of dried medicinal yeast.

Essence of beef

An unopened tin of concentrated beef essence made by Brand & Co. Ltd. It was part of the stores from the British Antarctic Expedition 1907-09 (Nimrod) and was brought back by the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).

Tea

An unopened 1lb tin of 'Fine Indian and Ceylon tea', produced by Tower Tea Ltd., in a red paper wrapper with faded gold text. According to the wrapper, the tea was specially selected and packed for the 'National Antarctic Expedition, 1901'. However, according to the original accession register, the tea was packed for the British Antarctic Expedition 1898-1900 (Southern Cross), and was brought back by the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (Terra Nova).